Consider the following isolation / purification processes.
(I) Heating impure metal with I 2 at 150–200ºC and passing the resulting volatile iodide on hot tungsten filament at 1400ºC to get the pure metal.
(II) Heating the sulphide ore in air until a part is converted to oxide and then further heating in the absence of air to let the oxide react with unchanged metal sulphide to get the metal.
(III) Electrolysis of the molten electrolyte containing metal oxide and cryolite or florspar to obtain the metal.
The processes used for obtaining aluminium, titanium and lead are respectively :
Text Solution
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(I) Ti (s) (impure) + 2 Ι 2 (g) 
Ti Ι 4 (volatile) 
Ti (s) (pure) + 2 Ι 2 (g)
(II) 2PbS + 3O 2 
2PbO + 2SO 2
PbS + 2PbO 
3Pb + SO 2
(III) Cathode : Al 3+ (melt) + 3e – ⎯→ Al(l)
Anode : C(s) + O 2– (melt) ⎯→ CO(g) + 2e –
C(s) + 2O 2– (melt) ⎯→ CO 2 (g) + 4e – 
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