In calculating a number of integrals we had to use the method of integration by parts several times in succession. The result could be obtained more rapidly and in a more concise form by using the so-called generalized formula for integration by parts
u(x) v(x) dx = u(x) v 1 (x) – u ′ (x) v 2 (x) + u ′′ (x) v 3 (x) + ......+ (–1) n–1 u n–1 (x) v n (x) –
(–1) n–1
u n (x) v n (x) dx Where v 1 (x) =
v(x) dx, v 2 (x) =
v 1 (x) dx ..,v n (x) =
v n–1 (x) dx
Of course, we assume that all derivatives and integrals appearing in this formula exist. The use of the generalized formula for integration by parts is especially useful when calculating
P n (x), Q(x)dx, where P n (x) is polynomial of degree n and the factor Q(x) is such that it can be integrated successively n + 1 times
(i) If
(x 3 –2x 2 + 3x –1) cos 2x dx =
u(x)
+
v(x) + C then
Text Solution
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Ans.
(i)
Sol. The given integral is equal to (x 3 –2x 2 + 3x –1)
– (3x 2 –4x + 3) 
+ (6x –4)
– 6
+ C
=
[2x 3 –4x 2 + 3x] +
[6x 2 –8x + 3] + C
(ii)
Sol. Applying the formula in the comprehension, the given integral is equal to
(2x 3 + 3x 2 –8x + 1)
– (6x 2 + 6x –8)
+ (12x + 6)
–12
+ C
=
(2x + 6) (70x 3 –45x 2 –396x + 897) + C
(iii) Sol. First write the given integral as
(3x 2 + x –2)
(1 –cos (6x +2)). Now applying the formula in
comprehension, the last integral can be written as
– 
+ C
=
–
sin (6x +2) –
(6x
1) cos (6x + 2) + C
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