Home Maths Indefinite Integral General In calculating a number of integrals we had …
Maths Indefinite Integral General Comprehension
Published on: August 14, 2026

In calculating a number of integrals we had to use the method of integration by parts several times in succession. The result could be obtained more rapidly and in a more concise form by using the so-called generalized formula for integration by parts

u(x) v(x) dx = u(x) v 1 (x) – u ′ (x) v 2 (x) + u ′′ (x) v 3 (x) + ......+ (–1) n–1 u n–1 (x) v n (x) –

(–1) n–1 u n (x) v n (x) dx Where v 1 (x) = v(x) dx, v 2 (x) = v 1 (x) dx ..,v n (x) = v n–1 (x) dx

Of course, we assume that all derivatives and integrals appearing in this formula exist. The use of the generalized formula for integration by parts is especially useful when calculating P n (x), Q(x)dx, where P n (x) is polynomial of degree n and the factor Q(x) is such that it can be integrated successively n + 1 times

(i) If (x 3 –2x 2 + 3x –1) cos 2x dx = u(x)

+ v(x) + C then

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Ans.

(i)

Sol. The given integral is equal to (x 3 –2x 2 + 3x –1) – (3x 2 –4x + 3)

+ (6x –4) – 6 + C

= [2x 3 –4x 2 + 3x] + [6x 2 –8x + 3] + C

(ii)

Sol. Applying the formula in the comprehension, the given integral is equal to

(2x 3 + 3x 2 –8x + 1) – (6x 2 + 6x –8) + (12x + 6) –12 + C

= (2x + 6) (70x 3 –45x 2 –396x + 897) + C

(iii) Sol. First write the given integral as (3x 2 + x –2)

(1 –cos (6x +2)). Now applying the formula in

comprehension, the last integral can be written as

+ C

= sin (6x +2) – (6x

1) cos (6x + 2) + C

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