Prove the following inequalities
(i) 1 + x 2 > (x sinx + cosx) for x ∈ [0, ∞ ).
(ii) sin x – sin 2x ≤ 2x for all x ∈ 
(iii)
+ 2x + 3 ≥ (3 – x)e x for all x ≥ 0
(iv) 0 < x sinx –
<
( π – 1) for 0 < x < 
Text Solution
Verified by ExpertsCHECK THE SOLUTION.
(i) 1 + x 2 > (x sin x + cosx)
Let f(x) = 1 + x 2 – x sinx – cosx, x ∈ [0, ∞ )
f ′ (x) = 2x – sinx – x cos x + sin x = x(2 – cosx)
⇒ f ′ (x) > 0 for x ∈ (0, ∞ )
⇒ f(x) is an increasing function
∴ x > 0 ⇒ f(x) > f(0) ⇒ 1 + x 2 > x sinx + cosx
(ii) f(x) = sin x – sin 2x – 2x
f ′ (x) = cos x – 2 cos 2x – 2
= cos x – 2(2 cos 2 x – 1) – 2
= cos x – 4 cos 2 x = cosx (1 – 4 cosx), x ∈ 
⇒ cos x ≥
⇒ cos x(1 – 4 cos x) < 0
∴ f ′ (x) < 0 ∀ x ∈ 
f(x) ≤ f(0) ⇒ sinx – sin2x – 2x ≤ 0 ⇒ sinx – sin2x ≤ 2x
(iii) f(x) =
+ 2x + 3 – 3e x + xe x
f ′ (x) = x + 2 – 3e x + e x + xe x
= x + 2 – 2e x + xe x
f ″ (x) = 1 – 2e x + e x + xe x
= 1 – e x + xe x
f ′″ (x) = – e x + e x + xe x = xe x
f ′″ (x) ≥ 0 ∀ x ≥ 0 ⇒ f ″ (x) ≥ f ″ (0) ⇒ f ″ (x) ≥ 0
⇒ f ′ (x) ≥ f ′ (0) ⇒ f ′ (x) ≥ 0 ⇒ f(x) ≥ f(0) ⇒ f(x) > 0
⇒
+ 2x + 3 ≥ 3e x – xe x
(iv) f(x) = x sin x – 
f ′ (x) = x cos x + sin x – sin x cosx = x cos x + sin x (1 – cos x)
f ′ (x) > 0 for x ∈
⇒ f(x) > f(0) or x sin x –
> 0
and f(x) < f
, x sin x –
<
– 
⇒ x sinx –
<
( π – 1)
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