Choose the correct statements for the uses of PCR technique in diagnosis.
(I) It is used to detect HIV in suspected AIDS patients.
(II) It is used to detect mutations in the genes in suspected cancer patients.
(III) It is used to detect different common diseases in pigs, sheep and cows.
(IV) It is a good technique to identify many other genetic disorders.
Text Solution
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Statement (I) is correct: PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) amplifies low concentrations of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA). It is widely used to routinely detect HIV in suspected AIDS patients long before clinical symptoms appear or antibodies can be detected by traditional methods like ELISA.
Statement (II) is correct: PCR acts as a powerful molecular diagnostic tool to detect gene mutations in suspected cancer patients. It amplifies the genes of interest to track down precise variations or missing sequences responsible for malignancy.
Statement (IV) is correct: Because it targets and amplifies specific sequences of DNA, PCR is an excellent and highly efficient technique to identify many other genetic disorders (such as hemophilia, phenylketonuria, and cystic fibrosis).
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