(I) Populations evolve to maximise their reproductive fitness, also called Darwinian fitness (higher r value), in the habitat in which they live.

(II) The population growth rate r is inversely related to generation time.

(III) The housefly, which has a short lifespan and produces a large number of eggs, could be considered as a ‘K’ selected species.

(IV) Under a particular set of selection pressures, organisms evolve towards the most efficient reproductive strategies.

(V) Life history traits of organisms have evolved in relation to the constraints imposed by biotic and abiotic factors in their habitat.

Select the correct option from the statements given above.