Gonyaulax is a genus of red dinoflagellates (single-celled marine organisms) that undergo extremely rapid multiplication, a process known as a bloom.When these populations explode, the concentration of their red pigments is so high that it causes the sea to appear red, a phenomenon commonly called a "red tide".These organisms also release potent toxins (such as saxitoxins) into the water, which can be lethal to other marine animals, including fish.

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