Consider the following characters :-
(I) Formation of only one functional megaspore in a megasporangium
(II) Formation of hard covering around megasporangium
(III) Development of embryo from zygote within the female gametophyte
(IV) Retention of megaspore inside the megasporangium
These were very essential events occurred during the course of evolution for the phenomenon of:-
Text Solution
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The characters described—formation of a single functional megaspore, development of protective coverings (integuments) around the megasporangium, retention of the megaspore within the parent plant, and the subsequent development of the embryo within the female gametophyte—are the critical evolutionary milestones leading to the seed habit.Retention and Protection: Evolutionarily, the retention of the megaspore (which becomes the female gametophyte) inside the megasporangium (ovule) provided a stable, protected environment for fertilization and early embryo development.Embryo Development: The zygote developing into an embryo while still attached to the female gametophyte (which itself remains inside the megasporangium) is considered the most essential step toward seed formation.Integuments: The formation of a hard covering (integuments) around the megasporangium transformed it into an ovule, which eventually matures into a seed.
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