Cuticle: It is a waxy layer present all over the plant body except root.
Bulliform Cells: These are empty colourless cells when the bulliform cells in the leaves absorbed water and becomes turgid the leaf surface is exposed. When they are flaccid due to water stress, they make the leaves curl inwards to minimise water loss.
Stomata: These are minute apertures in the epidermis, meant for gas exchange. Each aperture is bounded by two kidney shaped cells called guard calls. Guard cells control closing and opening of stomata.
Epidermis: It is generally uniseriate, i.e., composed of single layer of epidermal cells. In some cases epidermis may be multilayered, e.g., Ficus, Nerium.

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