Ex situ conservation literally means, "offsite conservation". It is the process of protecting an endangered species, variety or breed, of plant or animal outside its natural habitat.
(I) In-vitro fertilisation: In vitro fertilisation is a process of fertilisation where an egg is combined with sperm outside the body, in vitro.
(II) Cryopreservation: The storage of seeds, pollen, tissue, or embryos in liquid nitrogen. This method can be used for virtually indefinite storage of material without deterioration over a much greater time-period relative to all other methods of ex situ conservation.
(III) Tissue culture: Somatic tissue can be stored in vitro for short periods of time. This is done in a light and temperature controlled environment that regulates the growth of cells.

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