Transduction is the process by which genetic material (DNA) is transferred from one bacterium to another through the mediation of a vector, like virus. Other option are incorrect because bacterial conjugation is the transfer of genetic material (plasmid) between bacterial cells by direct cell-to-cell contact or by a bridge-like connection between two cells. Transformation is the genetic alteration of a cell resulting from the direct uptake and incorporation of exogenous genetic material (exogenous DNA) from its surroundings and taken up through the cell membranes. Translation is the process in which cellular ribosomes create proteins. It is a part of the process of gene expression.