Two batteries, one of emf 18 V and internal resistance 
and the other of emf 12 V and internal resistance 
are connected as shown in figure. The voltmeter V will record a reading of
Text Solution
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It is clear that the two cells oppose each other, hence the effective emf in closed circuit is 
and net resistance is 
(because in the closed circuit, the internal resistance of two cells are in series).
The current in circuit will be in direction of arrow shown in figure
The potential difference across V will be same as the terminal voltage of either cell.
Since, current is drawn from the cell of 18 V, hence
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