Published by:
CGP EDU Academic Team
Published on: August 14, 2026
It is because of inability of 
electrons of the valence shell to participate in bonding that
A
is oxidising while 
is reducing
B
and 
are both oxidising and reducing
C
is reducing while 
is oxidising
D
is reducing while 
is oxidising.
Text Solution
Verified by ExpertsThe correct answer is:
D
The inertness of 
‐ subshell electrons towards bond formation is known as inert pair effect. This effect increases down the group thus, for Sn, 
oxidation state is more stable, whereas, for Pb, 
oxidation state is more stable, i . e ., 
is reducing while 
is oxidising.
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