A metal nitrate solution does not give white precipitate with concentrated hydrochloric acid but on dilution with water produces a white precipitate. The metal nitrate solution with K 2 CrO 4 and Na 2 HPO 4 reagents gives red and yellow precipitates respectively which are soluble in ammonia solution. The cation of the metal nitrate is :
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Ag + + 2Cl – — → [AgCl 2 ] – (soluble complex) ; Ag + + Cl – (dilute HCl) — → AgCl ↓ (white)
2Ag + + CrO 42– — → Ag 2 CrO 4 ↓ (red) ; Ag 2 CrO 4 ↓ + NH 3 — → 2[Ag(NH 3 ) 2 ] + + CrO 42–
3Ag + + HPO 42– — → Ag 3 PO 4 ↓ (yellow) + H + ; Ag 3 PO 4 ↓ + 6NH 3 — → [Ag(NH 3 ) 2 ] + + PO 43–
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