In IIIA group, Tl (thallium) shows +1 oxidation state while…

Chemistry S and P - Block Elements (S - Block Elements Not In Syllabus ) Boron Family Single Correct MCQ

Published by: CGP EDU Academic Team

Published on: August 13, 2026

In IIIA group, Tl (thallium) shows +1 oxidation state while other members show +3 oxidation state. Why ?

Presence of lone pair of electron in Tl

Inert pair effect

Large ionic radius of Tl ion

None of these

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The correct answer is:

Down the group, due to poor shielding, effective nuclear charge holds ns electrons tightly (responsible for inert pair effect) and thereby, restricting their participation in bonding. As a result of this only p-orbital electron may be involved in bonding. The relative stability of + 1 oxidation state progressively increases for heavier elements: Al < Ga < In < Tl. In thallium +1 oxidation state is predominant and + 3 oxidation state is highly oxidising in character.

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