Increasing order of electrophilic substitution for following compounds
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Due to − I effect of 
atom, 
in benzene ring deactivates the ring and does not
favour electrophilic substitution. While 
and 
are 
group which favours electrophilic substitution in the benzene ring at ortho ’ and para ’ positions. The 
effect of 
is more than 
, therefore the correct order for electrophilic substitution is
Effect of substituent : Presence of electron withdrawing groups 
increase the acidity of phenols while the presence of electron releasing groups 
decrease the acidity of phenols. This explains the following order of acidity:
p‐nitrophenol 
phenol 
‐cresol.
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