According to I. C. slater effective nuclear charge , Z * , due to screening , is not exactly equal to the actual nuclear charge Z of the nucleus of the atom. Z * depends on the type of orbital in which the electron is housed , and on the ability of other electrons in more penetrating orbitals to screen the electron in question from the nucleus.
The relative extent to which the various orbitals penetrate the electron clouds of other orbitals is
s > p > d > f. The effective nuclear charge Z * due to screening is given by , Z * = Z – σ
Where Z is the atomic number and σ is the slater screening constant values : 0 < σ < Z
Electrons in orbitals s or p orbital | σ per electron in orbital | ||
n | (n – 1) | (n – 2), (n – 3), etc | |
0.35 | 0.85 | 1.00 | |
d or f orbital | 0.35 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Screening effect of one electron in the outer most orbital, is not considered in calculation of σ .
(i)What is the value of Z * for Rb (37) ?
Text Solution
Verified by ExpertsA
(i)
Sol. 1 s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 3d 10 4p 6 5s 1 σ = 8 × 0.85 + 18 × 1 + 8 × 1 + 2 × 1 = 34.8
Z
* = 37 – 34.8 = 2.2
(ii)
Sol. 1 s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 10 4s 1 σ = 10 × 1 + 8 ×0.85 + 8 × 1 + 2 × 1 = 26.8
Z
* = 29 – 26.8 = 2.2
(iii)
Sol. All of the above
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