One of the important approach to the study of real gases involves the analysis of a parameter Z called the compressibility factor Z = 
where P is pressure, V m is molar volume, T is absolute temperature and R is the universal gas constant. Such a relation can also be expressed as Z = 
(where V m, ideal and V m, real are the molar volume for ideal and real gas respectively). Gas corresponding Z > 1 have repulsive tendencies among constituent particles due to their size factor, whereas those corresponding to Z < 1 have attractive forces among constituent particles. As the pressure is lowered or temperature is increased the value of Z approaches 1. (Reaching the ideal behaviour)
(i) Choose the conclusions which are appropriate for the observation stated.
Observation | Conclusion | ||
I . | Z = 1 | I. | The gas need not be showing the ideal behaviour |
II. | Z > 1 | II. | On applying pressure the gas will respond by increasing its volume |
III. | Z < 1 | III. | The gas may be liquefied. |
IV. | Z → 1 for low P | IV. | The gas is approaching the ideal behaviour. |
Text Solution
Verified by ExpertsCHECK THE SOLUTION.
(i)
(I) Z = 1 → Ideal behaviour.
(II) Z > 1 → On applying pressure, volume decreases.
(III) Z < 1 → Gas can easily liquefied.
(VI) At low P, Z → 1 means gas is approaching to ideal behavior
(ii) Z = 
> 1
= 
At same pressure = 1 atm.
> 
⇒ V m > 22.4 L at STP for real gas.
For, V m = 22.4 L of real gas, we have to increase the pressure.
(iii)On moving from region (II) to region (I), pressure tends to zero. So, Z → 1.
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