For free expansion of the gas which of the following is true

Physics Thermodynamics First Law of Thermodynamics (Delta Q = Delta U + Delta W) Single Correct MCQ

Published by: CGP EDU Academic Team

Published on: September 12, 2026

$Q = W = 0$ and $\Delta E_{\text{int}} = 0$

$Q=0, W>0$ and $\Delta E_{\text{int}} = -W$

$W=0, Q>0,$ and $\Delta E_{\text{int}} = Q$

$W > 0, Q < 0$ and $\Delta E_{\text{int}} = 0$

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The correct answer is:

In free expansion of a gas, the gas expands into a vacuum without doing any work (W = 0) and without exchanging heat (Q = 0). Hence, there is no change in internal energy (\Delta E_{int} = 0). According to the first law of thermodynamics, \Delta E_{int} = Q - W. Since both Q and W are zero, \Delta E_{int} remains zero. Thus, the correct representation is Q = W = 0.

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