The resultant of two rectangular simple harmonic motions of the same frequency and unequal amplitudes but differing in phase by π/2 is
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If first equation is $y_1 = a_1 \sin \omega t$ ⇒ ⇒ $\dot{\sin \omega t} = \frac{y_1}{a_1}$ ... (i)
then second equation will be $y_{2} = a_{2} \sin \left( \omega t + \frac{\pi}{2} \right)$
$= a_2 \left[ \sin \omega t \cos \frac{\pi}{2} + \cos \omega t \sin \frac{\pi}{2} \right] = a_2 \cos \omega t$
⇒ ⇒ $\cos \omega t = \frac{y_2}{a_2}$ ... (ii)
By squaring and adding equation (i) and (ii)
$\sin^{2} \omega t + \cos^{2} \omega t = \frac{y_{1}^{2}}{a_{1}^{2}} + \frac{y_{2}^{2}}{a_{2}^{2}}$
⇒ ⇒ $\frac{y_{1}^{2}}{a_{1}^{2}} + \frac{y_{2}^{2}}{a_{2}^{2}} = 1$ ; This is the equation of ellipse.
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