Published by:
CGP EDU Academic Team
Published on: September 12, 2026
A sufficiently long tube, open at the lower end and with a tight-fitting piston which can move inside the tube without friction, is under water, suspended by a string (Fig.) The upper part of the tube above the piston is empty. How is the tension in the string affected by the depth of the tube's immersion?

Text Solution
Verified by ExpertsThe correct answer is:
A
Step 1: Understand the forces acting on the system.
The tension $T$ in the string needs to counteract both the weight of the water column above the piston and the buoyant force acting on the apparatus.
Step 2: Calculate the hydrostatic pressure at depth $h$. The hydrostatic pressure at the depth is given by the equation:
$$P = ho gh$$
where:
- $P$ is the pressure
- $ ho$ is the density of water
- $g$ is the acceleration due to gravity
- $h$ is the depth of the tube's immersion.
Step 3: Set up the force balance. The force due to the pressure at the depth $h$ acting on the piston (with area $A$) will contribute to the force:
$$F_{pressure} = PA = ho ghA$$
The weight of the water column is equivalent to the force exerted by this pressure.
Step 4: Consider the buoyant force experienced by the piston. The volume of water displaced by the piston is equal to its area $A$ multiplied by the height $h$ of the water column above it.
Thus, the buoyant force can be expressed as:
$$F_{buoyant} = ho g V_{displaced} = ho gAh$$
Step 5: The tension in the string can be expressed as:
$$T = F_{gravity} - F_{buoyant}$$
where $F_{gravity}$ is the total weight acting downward.
This means that as the depth $h$ increases, the hydrostatic pressure increases, causing the tension to also increase. Therefore, the tension in the string is directly proportional to the depth of the tube’s immersion.
Conclusion: As the depth of the tube’s immersion increases, the hydrostatic pressure increases leading to an increase in the tension in the string. Hence, the correct answer is A.
The tension $T$ in the string needs to counteract both the weight of the water column above the piston and the buoyant force acting on the apparatus.
Step 2: Calculate the hydrostatic pressure at depth $h$. The hydrostatic pressure at the depth is given by the equation:
$$P = ho gh$$
where:
- $P$ is the pressure
- $ ho$ is the density of water
- $g$ is the acceleration due to gravity
- $h$ is the depth of the tube's immersion.
Step 3: Set up the force balance. The force due to the pressure at the depth $h$ acting on the piston (with area $A$) will contribute to the force:
$$F_{pressure} = PA = ho ghA$$
The weight of the water column is equivalent to the force exerted by this pressure.
Step 4: Consider the buoyant force experienced by the piston. The volume of water displaced by the piston is equal to its area $A$ multiplied by the height $h$ of the water column above it.
Thus, the buoyant force can be expressed as:
$$F_{buoyant} = ho g V_{displaced} = ho gAh$$
Step 5: The tension in the string can be expressed as:
$$T = F_{gravity} - F_{buoyant}$$
where $F_{gravity}$ is the total weight acting downward.
This means that as the depth $h$ increases, the hydrostatic pressure increases, causing the tension to also increase. Therefore, the tension in the string is directly proportional to the depth of the tube’s immersion.
Conclusion: As the depth of the tube’s immersion increases, the hydrostatic pressure increases leading to an increase in the tension in the string. Hence, the correct answer is A.
Prepare Smarter with CGP Edu
Get practice questions, solutions, and test series in one place.
Write a Review
Share your experience with this question and solution.
Commentary
Send your comment, doubt, correction, or feedback to admin.
Similar Questions
Explore conceptually related problems
A U-tube in which the cross-sectional area of the limb on the left is one quarter, the limb on the …
A wooden block, with a coin placed on its top, floats in water as shown in fig. the distance l and …
A body floats in a liquid contained in a beaker. The whole system as shown falls freely under gravi…
A liquid is kept in a cylindrical vessel which is being rotated about a vertical axis through the c…
Water is filled in a cylindrical container to a height of 3m. The ratio of the cross-sectional area…
A large open tank has two holes in the wall. One is a square hole of side L at a depth y from the t…