Published by:
CGP EDU Academic Team
Published on: September 12, 2026
If a long horizontal wire is bent as shown in the figure and current i is passed through it, then the magnitude and direction of magnetic field produced at the centre of the circular part will be.

Text Solution
Verified by ExpertsThe correct answer is:
C
To determine the magnetic field at the center of the circular portion of the wire, we can use the formula for the magnetic field due to a circular loop of wire. The magnetic field at the center of a circular loop carrying current 'i' is given by:
$B = \frac{\mu_0 i}{2r}$, where $r$ is the radius of the loop.
For the straight parts of the wire, at the center of the loop, their contribution to the magnetic field is zero because they are aligned tangentially and do not create a field in the radial direction.
Since the current direction is considered, we also need to determine the direction of the field using the right-hand thumb rule. If you curl the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the current (clockwise), your thumb will point in the direction of the magnetic field (into the page).
This gives us a net magnetic field pointing into the page, and according to the options provided, the correct option is:
Option C: $\frac{\mu_0 i}{2r} [1 + \frac{1}{\pi}]$, directed into the page.
$B = \frac{\mu_0 i}{2r}$, where $r$ is the radius of the loop.
For the straight parts of the wire, at the center of the loop, their contribution to the magnetic field is zero because they are aligned tangentially and do not create a field in the radial direction.
Since the current direction is considered, we also need to determine the direction of the field using the right-hand thumb rule. If you curl the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the current (clockwise), your thumb will point in the direction of the magnetic field (into the page).
This gives us a net magnetic field pointing into the page, and according to the options provided, the correct option is:
Option C: $\frac{\mu_0 i}{2r} [1 + \frac{1}{\pi}]$, directed into the page.
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