A

Step 1: Identify the maximum and minimum amplitudes.
The maximum amplitude (A_max) is 16 V and the minimum amplitude (A_min) is 8 V.

Step 2: Calculate the modulating amplitude (A_m) and the carrier amplitude (A_c).
We know:
A_max = A_c + A_m
A_min = A_c - A_m
By solving these two equations, we can find A_c and A_m.

Step 3: Adding the two equations.
A_max + A_min = (A_c + A_m) + (A_c - A_m) = 2A_c
Substituting in the values:
16 V + 8 V = 2A_c
24 V = 2A_c
A_c = 12 V

Step 4: Subtracting the two equations.
A_max - A_min = (A_c + A_mc - A_m) = 2A_m
Substituting in the values:
16 V - 8 V = 2A_m
8 V = 2A_m
A_m = 4 V

Step 5: Calculate the modulation index (μ).
The modulation index is given by:
$$ ext{μ} = rac{A_m}{A_c} = \frac{4 V}{12 V} = \frac{1}{3} $$

Step 6: Convert the modulation index to the required format.
We write μ in the form of x × 10^-2.
1/3 = 0.33. To express this in the required format: 0.33 = 3.3 × 10^-1. So, we advance 1 decimal point: 3.3 × 10^-1 = 33 x 10^-2.

Therefore, the value of x is 33.