Physics Current Electricity Definition of Current, Current Densities & Drift Velocities Subjective Type
Published on: September 12, 2026

The current through a wire depends on time as i = i 0 + α sin π t, where i 0 = 10 A and α = A. Find the charge crossed through a section of the wire in 3 seconds, and average current for that interval.

Share this question

For Instagram sharing, use “Apps” on mobile or copy the link.

Text Solution

Verified by Experts
The correct answer is:
A
Step 1: Given the current through the wire is \( i(t) = i_0 + \alpha \sin(\pi t) \) with \( i_0 = 10 \, \text{A} \) and \( \alpha = \frac{1}{2} \, \text{A} \). Therefore, \( i(t) = 10 + \frac{1}{2} \sin(\pi t) \).

Step 2: To find the charge \( Q \) that crosses through a section of the wire in 3 seconds, we use the formula: \( Q = \int_{0}^{3} i(t) \, dt \).
Thus, \( Q = \int_{0}^{3} \left( 10 + \frac{1}{2} \sin(\pi t) \right) dt \).

Step 3: Calculating the integral:
\( Q = \int_{0}^{3} 10 \, dt + \int_{0}^{3} \frac{1}{2} \sin(\pi t) \, dt \).
\( Q = 10t \big|_{0}^{3} + \frac{1}{2}\left(-\frac{1}{\pi}\cos(\pi t)\right)\big|_{0}^{3} = 30 + \frac{1}{4}(\cos(3\pi) - \cos(0)) \).
Since \( \cos(3\pi) = -1 \) and \( \cos(0) = 1 \), we obtain:
\( Q = 30 + \frac{1}{4}(-1 - 1) = 30 - \frac{1}{2} = 29.5 \, \text{C}.

Step 4: To find the average current \( I_{avg} \), use the formula: \( I_{avg} = \frac{Q}{\Delta t} = \frac{29.5}{3} \approx 9.83 \, \text{A}.

Therefore, the charge crossed through a section of the wire in 3 seconds is 29.5 C, and the average current for that interval is approximately 9.83 A.

Prepare Smarter with CGP Edu

Get practice questions, solutions, and test series in one place.

Write a Review

Share your experience with this question and solution.

Commentary

Send your comment, doubt, correction, or feedback to admin.

Student Reviews

What students say about this solution

No reviews yet. Be the first to write a review.

Similar Questions

Explore conceptually related problems

CG
CGP Question Assistant Question Bank + AI Help
Hi! Type your question or upload one screenshot. First I will search related questions from CGP Edu Question Bank. If none match, type YES and I will solve it with AI.
Upload only one screenshot at a time. Flow: Question Bank first → If not matched, type YES for AI solution.