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Physics Vectors Basic Mathematics Subjective Type
Published on: September 12, 2026

A particle is moving in a straight line such that its velocity varies as , where is a

constant. Find the average velocity during the time interval in which the velocity decrease from to .

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Verified by Experts
The correct answer is:
A
To find the average velocity during the specified time interval for a particle whose velocity varies according to the equation \( v = v_0 e^{-\lambda t} \), we proceed with the following steps:
  1. Determine the time intervals: The velocity decreases from \( v_0 \) to \( \frac{v_0}{2} \). Setting up the equation:
  2. \( \frac{v_0}{2} = v_0 e^{-\lambda t} \)
  3. Dividing by \( v_0 \) gives:
  4. \( \frac{1}{2} = e^{-\lambda t} \)
  5. Taking the natural logarithm on both sides:
  6. \( -\lambda t = \ln(\frac{1}{2}) \)
  7. Thus, we find \( t = -\frac{\ln(1/2)}{\lambda} = \frac{\ln(2)}{\lambda} \).
  8. Integrate to find displacement: The displacement \( s \) between the time intervals \( 0 \) to \( t \) is given by integrating the velocity:
  9. \( s = \int_0^t v dt = \int_0^t v_0 e^{-\lambda t} dt. \)
  10. Evaluating this integral:
  11. \( s = v_0 \left[-\frac{1}{\lambda} e^{-\lambda t} \right]_0^t = \frac{v_0}{\lambda} (1 - e^{-\lambda t}) \).
  12. Substituting \( t = \frac{\ln(2)}{\lambda} \) gives:
  13. \( s = \frac{v_0}{\lambda} (1 - e^{-\ln(2)}) = \frac{v_0}{\lambda} (1 - \frac{1}{2}) = \frac{v_0}{2\lambda} \).
Average velocity: Average velocity \( v_{avg} \) is given by displacement over time:
\( v_{avg} = \frac{s}{t} = \frac{\frac{v_0}{2\lambda}}{\frac{\ln(2)}{\lambda}} = \frac{v_0}{2 \ln(2)}. \)
Therefore, average velocity during the time interval is \( \frac{v_0}{2 \ln(2)}. \) Thus, the final answer matches with option A (if given).

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