A rectangular loop of sides 10 cm and 5 cm carrying a current I of 12 A is placed in different orientations as shown in the figures below:
(I) 
(II) 
(III) 
(IV) 
If there is a uniform magnetic field of 0.3 T in the positive z direction, in which orientations the loop would be in (i) stable equilibrium and (ii) unstable equilibrium?
Text Solution
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Here, 
,
is parallel to 
, it means potential energy is minimum, therefore in orientation (II) the loop is in stable equilibrium.
is antiparallel to 
, it means potential energy is maximum, therefore in orientation (IV) the loop is in unstable equilibrium.
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