Home Physics Motion in a Plane General A simple pendulum oscillates in vertical pla…
Physics Motion in a Plane General Subjective Type
Published on: September 12, 2026

A simple pendulum oscillates in vertical plane. When it passes through the mean position, the tension in the string is 3 times the weight of the pendulum bob. What is the maximum displacement of the pendulum of the string with respect to the vertical.

Share this question

For Instagram sharing, use “Apps” on mobile or copy the link.

Text Solution

Verified by Experts
The correct answer is:
B
Step 1: Analyze the forces acting on the pendulum bob at the mean position.
At the lowest point (mean position), the forces acting on the pendulum bob are:
1. Gravitational force (weight) acting downward: $W = mg$
2. Tension in the string ($T$) acting upward.

Given that the tension is 3 times the weight, we have:
$$T = 3W = 3mg$$

Step 2: Apply the centripetal force requirement at the mean position.
At the lowest point, the net force must equal the centripetal force required for circular motion:
$$T - W = \frac{mv^2}{L}$$
where $v$ is the speed of the pendulum bob and $L$ is the length of the pendulum.
So we write:
$$3mg - mg = \frac{mv^2}{L}$$
Simplifying gives:
$$2mg = \frac{mv^2}{L}$$
Cancelling $m$ (as long as $m \neq 0$) results in:
$$2gL = v^2$$
Hence, the speed at the mean position is: $v = \sqrt{2gL}$

Step 3: Use conservation of mechanical energy to find maximum displacement.
At maximum displacement (height $h$), all kinetic energy is converted to potential energy:
$$\frac{1}{2}mv^2 = mgh$$
Substituting for $v$ gives:
$$\frac{1}{2}m(2gL) = mgh$$
Cancelling $m$ from both sides results in:
$$gL = gh$$
This gives:
$$h = L$$

Since the maximum displacement relates to the vertical height ($h$) displaced, we look for the angle $ heta$:
$$\cos \theta = \frac{L - h}{L} = 0$$
This means $ heta = 90^\circ$.
The maximum displacement occurs when the pendulum swings to the point directly horizontal to the pivot point, across from the mean position.

The angle of maximum displacement is thus: $90^\circ$. Hence the correct angle, corresponding to displacement, is given by option B.

Prepare Smarter with CGP Edu

Get practice questions, solutions, and test series in one place.

Write a Review

Share your experience with this question and solution.

Commentary

Send your comment, doubt, correction, or feedback to admin.

Student Reviews

What students say about this solution

No reviews yet. Be the first to write a review.

Similar Questions

Explore conceptually related problems

CG
CGP Question Assistant Question Bank + AI Help
Hi! Type your question or upload one screenshot. First I will search related questions from CGP Edu Question Bank. If none match, type YES and I will solve it with AI.
Upload only one screenshot at a time. Flow: Question Bank first → If not matched, type YES for AI solution.