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CGP EDU Academic Team
Published on: September 12, 2026
A point object is placed at a distance of 10 cm from a concave mirror and its real image is formed at a distance of 20 cm from the concave mirror. If the object is moved by 0.1 cm towards the mirror, calculate the shift of image in mm.
Text Solution
Verified by ExpertsThe correct answer is:
B
Step 1: We start by using the mirror formula:
$$ \frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{u} + \frac{1}{v} $$
where:
- $f$ is the focal length of the concave mirror,
- $u$ is the object distance (taken as negative for mirrors),
- $v$ is the image distance (taken as positive for real images).
Step 2: Initially, the object distance $u = -10$ cm and the image distance $v = 20$ cm.
Substituting these values in the formula:
$$ \frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{-10} + \frac{1}{20} $$
$$ \frac{1}{f} = -\frac{1}{10} + \frac{1}{20} = -\frac{2}{20} + \frac{1}{20} = -\frac{1}{20} $$
Thus, the focal length $f = -20$ cm.
Step 3: Now, if the object is moved 0.1 cm towards the mirror, the new object distance is:
$$ u' = -10 + 0.1 = -9.9 ext{ cm} $$
Step 4: We will calculate the new image distance $v'$ using the mirror formula again:
$$ \frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{u'} + \frac{1}{v'} $$
Substituting the values of $f$ and $u'$:
$$ -\frac{1}{20} = \frac{1}{-9.9} + \frac{1}{v'} $$
Step 5: Rearranging gives us:
$$ \frac{1}{v'} = -\frac{1}{20} - \frac{1}{-9.9} $$
$$ \frac{1}{v'} = -\frac{1}{20} + \frac{1}{9.9} $$
Finding a common denominator (1980):
$$ \frac{1}{20} = \frac{99}{1980}, \quad \frac{1}{9.9} = \frac{200}{1980} $$
Thus, substituting gives us:
$$ \frac{1}{v'} = -\frac{99}{1980} + \frac{200}{1980} = \frac{101}{1980} $$
Therefore, calculating $v'$:
$$ v' = \frac{1980}{101} \approx 19.62 ext{ cm} $$
Step 6: Finally, the shift in the image position ($\Delta v$) is given by:
$$ \Delta v = v - v' $$
Where $v = 20$ cm and $v' \approx 19.62$ cm:
$$ \Delta v = 20 - 19.62 = 0.38 ext{ cm} = 3.8 ext{ mm} $$
Therefore, the shift of image is 3.8 mm.
$$ \frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{u} + \frac{1}{v} $$
where:
- $f$ is the focal length of the concave mirror,
- $u$ is the object distance (taken as negative for mirrors),
- $v$ is the image distance (taken as positive for real images).
Step 2: Initially, the object distance $u = -10$ cm and the image distance $v = 20$ cm.
Substituting these values in the formula:
$$ \frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{-10} + \frac{1}{20} $$
$$ \frac{1}{f} = -\frac{1}{10} + \frac{1}{20} = -\frac{2}{20} + \frac{1}{20} = -\frac{1}{20} $$
Thus, the focal length $f = -20$ cm.
Step 3: Now, if the object is moved 0.1 cm towards the mirror, the new object distance is:
$$ u' = -10 + 0.1 = -9.9 ext{ cm} $$
Step 4: We will calculate the new image distance $v'$ using the mirror formula again:
$$ \frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{u'} + \frac{1}{v'} $$
Substituting the values of $f$ and $u'$:
$$ -\frac{1}{20} = \frac{1}{-9.9} + \frac{1}{v'} $$
Step 5: Rearranging gives us:
$$ \frac{1}{v'} = -\frac{1}{20} - \frac{1}{-9.9} $$
$$ \frac{1}{v'} = -\frac{1}{20} + \frac{1}{9.9} $$
Finding a common denominator (1980):
$$ \frac{1}{20} = \frac{99}{1980}, \quad \frac{1}{9.9} = \frac{200}{1980} $$
Thus, substituting gives us:
$$ \frac{1}{v'} = -\frac{99}{1980} + \frac{200}{1980} = \frac{101}{1980} $$
Therefore, calculating $v'$:
$$ v' = \frac{1980}{101} \approx 19.62 ext{ cm} $$
Step 6: Finally, the shift in the image position ($\Delta v$) is given by:
$$ \Delta v = v - v' $$
Where $v = 20$ cm and $v' \approx 19.62$ cm:
$$ \Delta v = 20 - 19.62 = 0.38 ext{ cm} = 3.8 ext{ mm} $$
Therefore, the shift of image is 3.8 mm.
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