The figure shows an instantaneous profile of a rope carrying a progressive wave moving from left to right, then –
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(a, d)
The wave travels from left to right. Therefore, points lying leftwards are always ahead in phase. Further:
Particle velocity = – (wave speed) slope
Slope at A is positive, while at B is negative i.e., particle velocity at A is negative and at B is positive. Therefore, A is moving downwards while B is moving upwards.
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