Published by:
CGP EDU Academic Team
Published on: September 12, 2026
A sphere of mass m , suspended from a thread of length
, is drawn sideways from its position of equilibrium so that it is raised through height h (fig) . Then the sphere is released. To what height will it rise if a bar A be placed in the path of the thread perpendicular to the plane of the sketch (Galileo’s experiment)?

Text Solution
Verified by ExpertsThe correct answer is:
B
Step 1: The potential energy (PE) at height h when the sphere is displaced is given by PE = mgh.
Step 2: When the sphere is released, it converts this potential energy back to kinetic energy (KE) near the lowest point: KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2. At the lowest point, all PE becomes KE. Thus, mgh = \frac{1}{2}mv^2.
Step 3: The speed v at the lowest point is then v = \sqrt{2gh}.
Step 4: When the sphere reaches the bar A, it momentarily comes to rest, and all kinetic energy will convert back into potential energy as it rises again. Let the height it reaches after hitting the bar be h'.
Step 5: Since we are assuming a perfectly elastic collision, the energy relation holds: \frac{1}{2}mv^2 = mg h' => mgh = mg h' => h' = h.
Step 6: Therefore, the height to which it will rise after being interrupted by the bar will also be h.
Thus, the answer is B.
Step 2: When the sphere is released, it converts this potential energy back to kinetic energy (KE) near the lowest point: KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2. At the lowest point, all PE becomes KE. Thus, mgh = \frac{1}{2}mv^2.
Step 3: The speed v at the lowest point is then v = \sqrt{2gh}.
Step 4: When the sphere reaches the bar A, it momentarily comes to rest, and all kinetic energy will convert back into potential energy as it rises again. Let the height it reaches after hitting the bar be h'.
Step 5: Since we are assuming a perfectly elastic collision, the energy relation holds: \frac{1}{2}mv^2 = mg h' => mgh = mg h' => h' = h.
Step 6: Therefore, the height to which it will rise after being interrupted by the bar will also be h.
Thus, the answer is B.
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